- -annotate string
- annotate an image with text.
- Use this option to annotate an image with text.
Optionally you can include the image filename, type,
width, height, or scene number by embedding special
format characters. Embed %f for filename, %m for
magick, %w for width, %h for height, %s for scene
number, or \n for newline. For example,
-annotate "%m:%f %wx%h"
- annotates the image with MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an
image titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and
height is 480.
- If the first character of string is @, the text is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the
string.
- You can set the text position, font, font color, and bounding box color
with -geometry, -font, -pen, and -box respectively.
Options are processed in command line order so be sure to use -geometry,
-font, -pen or -box before the -annotate
option.
- -blur factor
- blurs an image. Specify factor as the percent
enhancement (0.0 - 99.9%).
- -border <width>x<height>
- surround the image with a border or color. See X(1)
for details about the geometry specification.
- The color of the border is obtained from the X server
and is defined as bordercolor (class borderColor). See
X(1) for details.
- -box color
- set the color of the annotation bounding box. See -annotate
for further details.
- See \fBX(1)\fP for details about the color specification.
- -colors value
- preferred number of colors in the image.
- The actual number of colors in the image may be less
than your request, but never more. Note, this is a
color reduction option. Images with less unique colors
than specified with this option will remain unchanged.
Refer to quantize(9) for more details.
- If more than one image is specified on the command
line, a single colormap is created and saved with each
image.
- Note, options -colormap, -dither, -colorspace, and
-treedepth affect the color reduction algorithm.
- -colorspace value
- the type of colorspace: GRAY, OHTA, RGB, XYZ,
YCbCr, YIQ, YPbPr, or YUV.
- Color reduction, by default, takes place in the RGB
color space. Empirical evidence suggests that
distances in color spaces such as YUV or YIQ correspond
to perceptual color differences more closely than do
distances in RGB space. These color spaces may give
better results when color reducing an image. Refer to
quantize for more details.
- The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this
option to take effect.
- -comment string
- annotate an image with a comment.
- By default, each image is commented with its file name.
Use this option to assign a specific comment to the
image. Optionally you can include the image filename,
type, width, height, or scene number by embedding
special format characters. Embed %f for filename, %m
for magick, %w for width, %h for height, %s for scene
number, or \n for newline. For example,
-comment "%m:%f %wx%h"
- produces an image comment of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for
an image titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and
height is 480.
- If the first character of string is @, the image
comment is read from a file titled by the remaining
characters in the string.
- -compress type
- the type of image compression: Zlib or
RunlengthEncoded.
- Specify +compress to store the binary image in an
uncompressed format. The default is the compression
type of the specified image file.
- -contrast
- enhance or reduce the image contrast.
- This option enhances the intensity differences between
the lighter and darker elements of the image. Use
-contrast to enhance the image or +contrast to reduce
the image contrast.
- -crop <width>{%}x<height>{%}{+-}<x offset>{+-}<y offset>
- preferred size and location of the cropped image. See
X(1) for details about the geometry specification.
- To specify a percentage width or height instead, append
%. For example to crop the image by ten percent on all
sides of the image, use -crop 10%.
- Use cropping to apply image processing options, or
transmogrify, only a particular area of an image. Use
-crop 0x0 to remove edges that are the background
color.
- -density <width>x<height>
- vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image.
- This option specifies an image density when decoding a
Postscript or Portable Document page. The default is
72 pixels per inch in the horizontal and vertical
direction.
- -despeckle
- reduce the speckles within an image.
- -display host:display[.screen]
specifies the X server to contact; see X(1).
- -dither
- apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image.
- The basic strategy of dithering is to trade intensity
resolution for spatial resolution by averaging the
intensities of several neighboring pixels. Images
which suffer from severe contouring when reducing
colors can be improved with this option.
- The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this
option to take effect.
- -draw string
- annotate an image with graphic primitives.
- Use this option to annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.
The primitives include
rectangle
circle
polygon
- A rectangle primitive requires an upper left and lower right
coordinate. The circle requires the center coordinate and a
coordinate on the outer edge. Finally, the polygon primitive
requires three or more coordinates defining its boundaries. Coordinates are
integers separated by an optional comma. For example, to define a
circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:
-draw "circle 100,100 150,150"
- If the first character of string is @, the text is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
- You can set the primitive color with -pen. Options are processed
in command line order so be sure to use -pen before the
-draw option.
- -edge
- detect edges within an image.
- -emboss
- emboss the image.
- -enhance
- apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.
- -equalize
- perform histogram equalization to the image.
- -flip
- create a "mirror image" by reflecting the image
scanlines in the vertical direction.
- -flop
- create a "mirror image" by reflecting the image
scanlines in the horizontal direction.
- -format type
- the image format type.
- This option will convert any image to the image format
you specify. See convert(1) for a list of image format
types supported by ImageMagick.
- By default the file is written to its original name.
However, if the filename extension matches a supported
format, the extension is replaced with the image format
type specified with -format. For example, if you
specify tiff as the format type and the input image
filename is image.gif, the output image filename
becomes image.tiff.
- -font name
- use this font when annotating the image with text.
Convert contacts an X server to obtain the font.
If an X server is not available, a Postscript font is used instead. You can
set the pointsize with -pointsize.
- -frame <width>x<height>+<outer bevel width>+<inner bevel width>
- surround the image with an an ornamental border. See
X(1) for details about the geometry specification.
- The color of the border is specified with the
-mattecolor command line option.
- -gamma value
- level of gamma correction.
- The same color image displayed on two different
workstations may look different due to differences in
the display monitor. Use gamma correction to adjust
for this color difference. Reasonable values extend
from 0.8 to 2.3.
- You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green,
and blue channels of the image with a gamma value list
delineated with commas (i.e. 1.7,2.3,1.2).
- -geometry <width>{%}x<height>{%}{!}{<}{>}
- preferred width and height of the image. See X(1) for
details about the geometry specification.
- By default, the width and height are maximum values.
That is, the image is expanded or contracted to fit the
width and height value while maintaining the aspect
ratio of the image. Append an exclamation point to the
geometry to force the image size to exactly the size
you specify. For example, if you specify 640x480! the
image width is set to 640 pixels and height to 480. If
only one factor is specified, both the width and height
assume the value.
- To specify a percentage width or height instead, append
%. The image size is multiplied by the width and
height percentages to obtain the final image
dimensions. To increase the size of an image, use a
value greater than 100 (e.g. 125%). To decrease an
image's size, use a percentage less than 100.
- Use < to change the dimensions of the image
only if its size exceeds the geometry
specification. > resizes the image only
if its dimensions is less than the geometry specification.
For example, if you specify 640x480> and the image
size is 512x512, the image size does not change. However, if
the image is 1024x1024, it is resized to 640x480.
- -interlace type
- the type of interlacing scheme: NONE, LINE, or PLANE.
- This option is used to specify the type of interlacing
scheme for raw image formats such as RGB or YUV. NONE
means do not interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...), LINE
uses scanline interlacing
(RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and PLANE uses
plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).
- Use LINE, or PLANE to create an interlaced GIF
or progressive JPEG image.
- -label name assign a label to an image.
- Use this option to assign a specific label to the
image. Optionally you can include the image filename,
type, width, height, or scene number in the label by
embedding special format characters. Embed %f for
filename, %m for magick, %w for width, %h for height,
or %s for scene number, or \n for newline
For example,
-label "%m:%f %wx%h"
- produces an image label of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for
an image titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and
height is 480.
- If the first character of string is @, the image label
is read from a file titled by the remaining characters
in the string.
- When converting to Postscript, use this option to
specify a header string to print above the image.
- -map filename
- choose a particular set of colors from this image.
- By default, color reduction chooses an optimal set of
colors that best represent the original image.
Alternatively, you can choose a particular set of
colors with this option. This is useful when you want
to create a sequence of images with one particular set
of colors for each image.
- -modulate value
- vary the brightness, saturation, and hue of an image.
- Specify the percent change in brightness, the color
saturation, and the hue separated by commas. For
example, to increase the color brightness by 20% and
decrease the color saturation by 10% and leave the hue
unchanged, use: -modulate 20,-10.
- -monochrome
- transform the image to black and white.
- -negate
- apply color inversion to image.
- The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated.
- -noise
- reduce the noise in an image with a noise peak elimination filter.
- The principal function of noise peak elimination filter
is to smooth the objects within an image without losing
edge information and without creating undesired
structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to
replace a pixel with its next neighbor in value within
a 3 x 3 window, if this pixel has been found to be
noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if this
pixel is a maximum or minimum within the 3 x 3 window.
- -normalize
- transform image to span the full range of color values.
This is a contrast enhancement technique.
- -opaque color
- change this color to the pen color within the image. See
-pen for more details.
- -page <width>x<height>{+-}<x offset>{+-}<y offset>
- preferred size and location of the Postscript page.
- Use this option to specify the dimensions of the
Postscript page in pixels per inch or a TEXT page in
pixels. The default for a Postscript page is to center
the image on a letter page 612 by 792 pixels. The
margins are 1/2" (i.e. 723x935+42+42). Other common
sizes are:
Letter 612x 792
Tabloid 792x1224
Ledger 1224x 792
Legal 612x1008
Statement 396x 612
Executive 540x 720
A3 842x1190
A4 595x 842
A5 420x 595
B4 729x1032
B5 516x 729
Folio 612x 936
Quarto 610x 780
10x14 720x1008
- For convenience you can specify the page size by media
(e.g. A4, Ledger, etc.).
- The page geometry is relative to the vertical and
horizontal density of the Postscript page. See
-density for details.
- The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is
723x935.
- -paint
- paint the image.
- -pen color
- set the color of the font or opaque color. See -annotate or
-opaque for further details.
- See X(1) for details about the color specification.
- -pointsize value
- pointsize of the Postscript font.
- -quality value
- JPEG quality setting.
- Quality is 0 (worst) to 100 (best). The default is 72.
- -raise <bevel width>
- lighten or darken image edges to create a 3-D effect.
- Bevel width is the width of an edge. Use -raise to
create a raised effect, otherwise use +raise.
- -roll {+-}<x offset>{+-}<y offset>
- roll an image vertically or horizontally. See X(1) for
details about the geometry specification.
- A negative x offset rolls the image left-to-right. A
negative y offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.
- -rotate degrees
- apply Paeth image rotation to the image.
- Empty triangles left over from rotating the image are
filled with the color defined as bordercolor (class
borderColor). See X(1) for details.
- -sample geometry
- scale image with pixel sampling. See -geometry for
details about the geometry specification.
- -scene value
- image scene number.
- -segment value
- eliminate clusters that are insignificant.
- The number of pixels in each cluster must exceed the
the cluster threshold to be considered valid.
- -sharpen weight
- sharpen an image. Specify factor as the percent
enhancement (0.0 - 99.9%).
- -shear <x degrees>x<y degrees>
- shear the image along the X or Y axis by a positive or
negative shear angle.
- Shearing slides one edge of an image along the X or Y
axis, creating a parallelogram. An X direction shear
slides an edge along the X axis, while a Y direction
shear slides an edge along the Y axis. The amount of
the shear is controlled by a shear angle. For X
direction shears, x degrees> is measured relative to
the Y axis, and similarly, for Y direction shears y
degrees is measured relative to the X axis.
- Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are
filled with the color defined as bordercolor (class
borderColor). See X(1) for details.
- -size <width>{%}x<height>{%}{+offset}{!}
- width and height of the image.
- Use this option to specify the width and height of raw
images whose dimensions are unknown such as GRAY, RGB,
or CMYK. In addition to width and height, use -size to skip any header information in the image or
tell the number of colors in a MAP image file, (e.g.
-size 640x512+256).
- -texture filename
- name of texture to tile onto the image background.
- -transparency color
- make this color transparent within the image.
- -treedepth value
- Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A zero or
one tells mogrify to choose a optimal tree depth for
the color reduction algorithm.
- An optimal depth generally allows the best
representation of the source image with the fastest
computational speed and the least amount of memory.
However, the default depth is inappropriate for some
images. To assure the best representation, try values
between 2 and 8 for this parameter. Refer to
quantize for more details.
- The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this
option to take effect.
- -undercolor <undercolor factor>x<black-generation factor>
- control undercolor removal and black generation on CMYK
images.
- This option enables you to perform undercolor removal
and black generation on CMYK images-- images to be
printed on a four-color printing system. You can
control how much cyan, magenta, and yellow to remove
from your image and how much black to add to it. The
standard undercolor removal is 1.0x1.0. You'll
frequently get better results, though, if the
percentage of black you add to your image is slightly
higher than the percentage of C, M, and Y you remove
from it. For example you might try 0.5x0.7.
- -verbose
- print detailed information about the image.
- This information is printed: image scene number; image
name; image size; the image class (DirectClass or
PseudoClass); the total number of unique colors (if
known); and the number of seconds to read and
transform the image. Refer to miff(5) for a
description of the image class.
If -colors is also specified, the total unique colors
in the image and color reduction error values are
printed. Refer to quantize(9) for a description of
these values.
Options are processed in command line order. Any option you
specify on the command line remains in effect until it is
explicitly changed by specifying the option again with a
different effect. For example, to mogrify two images, the
first with 32 colors and the second with only 16 colors,
use:
mogrify -colors 32 cockatoo.miff -colors 16 macaw.miff
Change - to + in any option above to reverse its effect.
For example, specify +compress to store the binary image in
an uncompressed format.
By default, the image format is determined by its magic
number. To specify a particular image format, precede the
filename with an image format name and a colon (i.e.
ps:image) or specify the image type as the filename suffix
(i.e. image.ps). See
convert(1)
for a list of valid image formats.
Specify file as - for standard input and output. If file
has the extension .Z or .gz, the file is uncompressed with
uncompress or gunzip respectively and subsequently
compressed using with compress or gzip. Finally, precede
the image file name with | to pipe to or from a system
command.
Use an optional index enclosed in brackets after a file name
to specify a desired subimage of a multi-resolution image
format like Photo CD (e.g. img0001.pcd[4]) or a range for MPEG
images (e.g. video.mpg[50-75]).
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